admin
纽约时报精读
原 文 译 文
1. BEIJING — In late April, The Beijing News, a popular daily, ran a collection of profiles on Chinese millennials in celebration of the May Fourth youth holiday commemorating a 1919 student movement. Alongside a best-selling writer, an amateur architecture historian and a producer of popular science videos, there was Cai Xukun, a 20-something male pop singer with such a huge following that a recent social media post of his was viewed more than 800 million times.
北京——4月下旬，为庆祝纪念100年前一场学生运动而设立的五四青年节，受欢迎的日报《新京报》评选出了中国千禧一代的青年代表。除了畅销书作者、业余建筑历史学者和科普视频制作人外，代表人物还包括蔡徐坤，这名20多岁的流行男歌手有众多粉丝，他最近发在社交媒体上的一个帖子被浏览了8亿多次。
2. Mr. Cai belongs to the tribe of “little fresh meat,” a nickname, coined by fans, for young, delicate-featured, makeup-clad male entertainers. These well-groomed celebrities star in blockbuster movies, and advertise for cosmetic brands and top music charts. Their rise has been one of the biggest cultural trends of the past decade. Their image — antithetical to the patriarchal and stoic qualities traditionally associated with Chinese men — is changing the face of masculinity in China.
蔡徐坤属于“小鲜肉”。这是粉丝们给那些五官清秀、喜欢化妆的年轻男艺人起的绰号。这些穿着考究的名人经常出演大片，为化妆品担任广告代言，登顶流行音乐排行榜。他们的兴起是过去十年来最大的文化趋势之一。他们的形象与传统上跟中国男性相关的父权与坚韧品质形成对照，它正在改变着中国男性气质的面貌。
3. Innocent as they may seem, the little fresh meat have powerful critics. The state news agency Xinhua denounces what it calls “niangpao,” or “sissy pants,” culture as “pathological” and said in an editorial last September that its popularity is eroding social order. The Beijing newspaper’s decision to include Mr. Cai in its profiles apparently prompted the Communist Youth League to release its own list of young icons: patriotic athletes and scientists, whom it called the “true embodiment” of the spirit of Communist youth.
小鲜肉看上去无害，却遭到了炮轰。国家通讯社新华社抨击“娘炮”文化是一种“病态”，这篇发表于去年9月的评论写道，这种文化的流行正在给社会造成不良后果。《新京报》将蔡徐坤放在其五四青年代表名单上的做法，显然促使了共青团公布自己的年轻偶像人物名单：爱国的运动员和科学家，称这些人才是共产主义青年精神的“真正体现”。
4. The government attacks on this evolving idea of masculinity have triggered a strong counter-backlash from fans of the celebrities. And in online essays and posts, defenders of the young men make clear that their preference is more than a youthful countercultural fad. At its heart, the embrace of a more modern, less rigid form of masculinity represents frustration with traditional ideas of manhood. “The ridiculous condemnation of ‘sissy pants’ men shows the gender ideology of a patriarchal society that equates toughness with men and fragility with women,” a journalist who goes by the name Wusi wrote in an online essay in September, voicing a widely shared opinion.
政府对不断变化的男性气质的抨击，引发了明星粉丝们的强烈不满。他们的辩护者在网上发文、发帖，明确表示自己的偏好不只是一种年轻人的反文化潮流。从本质上来看，接受一种更现代的、不那么死板的男性气质代表着对传统男儿气质观的不满。“对‘娘炮’的指责体现的正是男权社会的意识形态，男性代表刚强，女性代表柔弱，”一位笔名“伍肆”的记者去年9月在一篇网文中写道，它表达出一种广泛认同的观点。
5. The official push of traditional masculinity — including reinvented school curriculums and the sponsorship of boys-only clubs — is motivated in part by worries that the decades-long one-child policy produced a generation of timid and self-centered male youth ill equipped to fulfill their social responsibilities.
官方对传统男性气质的推动——包括重新设计学校课程和出资建立仅限男孩的俱乐部——部分是因为担心，几十年的独生子女政策会造就一代胆怯、以自我为中心的男性青年，他们无法履行身上的社会责任。
6. And in the context of China’s increasing power, the establishment’s preoccupation with promoting old-fashioned, Hollywood-style manliness also has a political message. Just as patriotic intellectuals a century ago argued that national strength derives from the virile energy of the youth, present-day Chinese nationalists see their ambitions take the shape of a macho willingness to fight for righteous causes. This vision is on display in the 2017 action thriller “Wolf Warrior 2”. The movie, featuring a former People’s Liberation Army soldier caught in an African civil war, showed him putting the lives of local civilians above his own while single-handedly beating American-led mercenaries. The goal of the story, said Wu Jing, its director and lead actor, in media interviews, is to “inspire men to be real men.” The movie went on to become China’s top-grossing film in history.
而在中国日益强大的背景下，当权者一心推广陈旧的、好莱坞式的男性气质，也带有一层政治含义。正如一个世纪前的爱国知识分子们所强调的，少年强则国强，当今中国的民族主义者认为能体现他们雄心的，当是为正义而战的男子气概。2017年的惊悚动作片《战狼2》展现了这种愿景。片中主角是一名陷入非洲内战的前人民解放军军人，影片展现他将当地平民的生命置于自己的性命之上，一边单枪匹马地迎战美军领导的雇佣兵。导演兼主演吴京在接受媒体采访时表示，故事的目标是“要拍一部真男人的电影”。这部电影创下了中国电影票房最高纪录。
精 读 解 析
篇章结构：
P1—P2：以蔡徐坤为代表的小鲜肉们正在改变着中国男性气质的面貌。
P3：小鲜肉们遭到了抨击。
P4：对小鲜肉的抨击显示了男权社会的意识形态，男性代表刚强，女性代表柔弱。
P5—P6：官方对男性气质的推崇，带有一种政治含义，展现的是少年强则国强的愿景。
重点词汇：
• profile /'prəʊfaɪl/ n. 侧面，轮廓，外形，剖面
【例句】
People who have a high profile in the community.
在社区中地位显赫的人们。
He's not the sort of politician to keep a low profile .
他不是那种甘于保持低姿态的政客。
• millennial /mi'leniəl/ adj. 一千年的,千福年的
【例句】
You have 78 million Millennial. Over 80 percent of them want to leave in center cities.
你有7800万人口。超过80%的人想离开城市中心。
• commemorate /kə'meməreɪt/ vt. 纪念, 庆祝
【同根】
commemoration n. 纪念;纪念仪式
commemorative adj. (用作)纪念的;纪念性的
【例句】
Christmas commemorates the birth of Jesus Christ.
圣诞节是庆祝耶酥基督的诞生。
• blockbuster /'blɒkbʌstə/ n. 重磅炸弹, 了不起的人或事
【例句】
The court heard that Ellis sold pirated tapes of Hollywood blockbusters.
法庭审理了埃利斯贩卖好莱坞大片盗版带的案件。
• advertise for 登广告征求(寻找)某物;登招请(待聘等)广告
【例句】
Some dude in Germany went on a dating website and advertised for someone he could kill and eat.
有个德国佬在一个征婚网上打广告要找一个愿意被他杀了吃的人。
• be antithetical to 与…背道而驰; 与…相反
【例句】
The second mistaken view that one often hears is that emotion is antithetical to rationality.
我们经常听到的第二种错误的看法认为：情绪与合理性是对立的。
So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation.
因此，在创造和革新的背景下来谈论习惯，似乎显得有点矛盾。
• patriarchal /ˌpeitri'ɑ:kəl/ adj. 由男人统治或控制的,家长统治下的;家长(似)的,族长(似)的,可尊敬的,威严的
【例句】
None was patriarchal. Mr Jennings's book is rich in fond hopes and improbable ventures.
他的书中记录了大量的温和希冀与不可信资产。
• stoic /ˈstəuik/ n. 斯多葛学派哲学家
【例句】
He had studied philosophy with Rome's greatest stoic, Seneka the younger.
他和罗马最伟大的斯多葛派学者塞内卡学习哲学。
• associate with 与...常在一起，和...联想在一起
【例句】
You will compromise your good name if you associate with these people.
你如果与这些人交往就会损害你的好名声。
• masculinity /ˌmæskjəˈlɪnɪti:/ n. 男性;男子气
【同根】
masculinize vt. 使男子化(尤指使女人具有男子特征);使(雌性)雄性化
masculinization男性化
【例句】
Boys aren't as concerned about traditional masculinity anymore.
现在的男孩已经不在乎传统的男子气概那一套了。
• denounce /dɪ'naʊns/ vt. 谴责;告发;公然抨击;通告废除
【例句】
He was denounced as a coward and traitor.
他被指责为懦夫和卖国贼。
• sissy /'sɪsɪ/ n. 胆小鬼,女人气的男人,胆小无用的男子adj. 女人气的,柔弱的
【例句】
Men who used forks were thought to be sissies, and women who used them were called show-off sand overnice, Not until the late 1600's did using a fork become a common custom.
用叉的男人们被认为是脂粉气太重，女人们则被指摘为卖弄、炫耀和过分讲究。直到17世纪后期，用叉进食才成为一种风俗。
• pathological /pæθə'lɒdʒɪk(ə)l/ adj. 病理学的;由疾病引起的;病态的;莫名其妙的;反常的
【例句】
I'm self-destructive and self-loathing to an almost pathological degree.
我是一个自我破坏和自我厌恶几乎到病态的人。
• patriotic /ˌpætriˈɔtik/ adj. 爱国的, 有爱国心的
【例句】
They even equal consumption with being patriotic.
他们甚至把消费和爱国划等号。
• embodiment /ɪm'bɒdɪmənt/ n. 体现;化身
【同根】
embody vt. 表现, 象征, 具体表现
【例句】
It is the most important embodiment of a historic city.
这也是历史城市的重要体现。
• countercultural 反主流文化的
【例句】
The fact that you went to Chicago means you'II always have an orientation that is slightly different than the mainstream culture, slightly countercultural.
你到芝大来，就意味着你一一定会受到一种指引，它与主流文化略有不同，稍微逆流而行。
• ridiculous /rɪ'dɪkjʊləs/ adj. 可笑的, 荒谬的
【例句】
The whole idea was patently ridiculous.
整个观点明显很荒唐。
• equate with 把…等同;使相等;同
【例句】
But you know, many Greeks also equate the drachma with poverty and with isolation, and that's where they fear they're headed right now.
但是你知道，许多希腊人认为德拉克马等同于贫穷和孤立，他们害怕他们会再走这条路。
• fragility /frə'dʒɪləti/ n. 脆弱,虚弱
【例句】
Periods of prosperity give way to financial fragility.
繁荣期让位于金融脆弱。
• preoccupation /prɪ,ɒkjʊ'peɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 全神贯注,入神;当务之急;使人全神贯注的事物
【例句】
Preserving nature, Ms Marris writes, is a relatively recent preoccupation.
马里斯女士写道，保护自然，相对而言是近代的紧急要务。
• derive from 源出，来自，得自;衍生于
【例句】
The word patrician is derived from the Latin word pater, meaning father.
贵族这个词来自拉丁词语pater，意思是父亲。
• virile /'vɪraɪl/ adj. 男性的;有男子气概的;刚健的
【例句】
A virile bourgeoisie contributes to a nation's prosperity.
强而有力的中产阶级促进国家的繁荣。
• macho /'mætʃəʊ/ adj. 大男子气概的
【例句】
He emerged with a macho swagger.
他大摇大摆地走了出来。
重点句子：
Alongside a best-selling writer, an amateur architecture historian and a producer of popular science videos, there was Cai Xukun, a 20-something male pop singer with such a huge following that a recent social media post of his was viewed more than 800 million times.
这个句子的主干是：Alongside a best-selling writer, there was Cai Xukun. 中间的an amateur architecture historian and a producer of popular science videos这部分说明best-selling writer的身份，最后的a 20-something male pop singer with such a huge following that a recent social media post of his was viewed more than 800 million times.是一个后置定语，说明蔡徐坤到底是谁，在这部分，a 20-something male指的是一个20多岁的男性，20-something是指20多岁的，这部分还包括一个such a/an +名词+that的搭配。
Mr. Cai belongs to the tribe of “little fresh meat,” a nickname, coined by fans, for young, delicate-featured, makeup-clad male entertainers.
这个句子的主干是：Mr. Cai belongs to the tribe of “little fresh meat.” 后面的a nickname, coined by fans, for young, delicate-featured, makeup-clad male entertainers.是对小鲜肉这个名词的来源以及用途的解释.
“The ridiculous condemnation of ‘sissy pants’ men shows the gender ideology of a patriarchal society that equates toughness with men and fragility with women,” a journalist who goes by the name Wusi wrote in an online essay in September, voicing a widely shared opinion.
这个句子分两个部分来理解吧，引号里面的部分，句子的主干是：The ridiculous condemnation of ‘sissy pants’ men shows the gender ideology of a patriarchal society. 后面的that equates toughness with men and fragility with women是一个同位语从句，that指代的是patriarchal society，解释说明这个patriarchal society到底是怎么样的，会怎么做。引号外面的a journalist who goes by the name Wusi wrote in an online essay in September, voicing a widely shared opinion. 这部分的主干是a journalist wrote in an online essay in September. 中间的who goes by the name Wusi是一个定语从句，修饰的是a journalist，说明这个 journalist到底是谁，最后的voicing a widely shared opinion.是一个动词的现在分词形式引起的伴随状语，说明这个journalist写的这个文章到底在说什么。
The movie, featuring a former People’s Liberation Army soldier caught in an African civil war, showed him putting the lives of local civilians above his own while single-handedly beating American-led mercenaries.
这个句子，主干是：The movie showed him putting the lives of local civilians above his own while single-handedly beating American-led mercenaries. 中间的featuring a former People’s Liberation Army soldier caught in an African civil war是一个状语成分，说明电影塑造的主角的身份是什么，而主干部分，则是说明电影展示主角在干什么。句子的主干部分是一个while引起的时间状语从句。
The goal of the story, said Wu Jing, its director and lead actor, in media interviews, is to “inspire men to be real men.”
这个句子，主干是The goal of the story is to “inspire men to be real men.”中间的said Wu Jing是一个插入语，说明这个信息的来源，its director and lead actor修饰的是wujing，说明其身份，再后面的in media interviews说明吴京说这个信息的场合。
- THE END -
游客
