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大学英语人教版8大学下册Unit 1 课文+单词+朗读+常识收拾+词汇说明+句型解析
单词朗读
matter [?m?t?] v. 重要，要紧，有联络
What's the matter? 怎么了？出啥事了？
sore [s?:(r)] adj. 痛苦的，酸痛的
have a cold 伤风
stomach ['st?m?k] n. 胃，腹部
stomachache ['st?m?ke?k] n. 胃痛，腹痛
have a stomachache 胃痛
foot(复数feet) [fu:t] n. 脚
neck [nek] n. 颈，脖子
throat [θr??t] n. 喉咙
fever ['fi:v?] n. 发烧，发热
lie [la?] v. 躺，平躺
lie down 躺下
rest [rest] n. 剩下有些，其他；放松，歇息
cough [k?f] n. & v. 咳嗽
X-ray ['eksre?] n. X光，X射线
toothache[?tu:θe?k] n.牙痛
take one's temperature 量体温
headache[?hede?k] n. 头痛
have a fever 发烧
break [bre?k] n. & v. 歇息，暂停；打破
take breaks (take a break） 歇息
hurt [h?:t] v. 损伤，损害，使受伤，疼
passenger ['p?s?nd??] n. 乘客，旅客
off [?f] adv. prep. 脱离（某处）；从…去掉
get off 下车
to one's surprise 使…惊奇，出乎…意料
onto [??nt?] prep. 向，朝
trouble [?tr?bl] n. 费事，烦扰，疑问
hit [hit] n. & v. 磕碰，打，冲击
right away 当即，马上
get into 堕入，参加
herself [h?:?self]她自个，她本身（she的反身代词）
bandage ['b?nd?d?] n. & v. 纱带；用纱带包扎
sick [s?k] adj. 患病的，不适的
knee [ni:] n. 膝盖
nosebleed [?n??zbli:d] n. 鼻出血
breathe [bri:e] v. 呼吸
sunburned [?s?nb?:nd] adj. 晒伤的
ourselves [ɑ:?selvz]咱们自个（we的反身代词）
climber [?kla?m?(r)] n. 爬山者
be used to 习气于… 习气于…
risk [r?sk] n. & v. 风险，风险；冒险
take risks (take a risk) 冒险
accident [??ksid?nt] n. 意外作业；事端
situation [?sitju?ei??n] n. 情况，方法，情况
kg=kilogram [?k?l?gr?m] n. 公斤，千克
rock [r?k] n. 岩石
run out (of) 用尽，耗尽
knife [naif] n. 刀，餐刀
cut off 切除
blood [bl?d] n. 血
mean [mi:n] v. 意味着，意思是，意欲
get out of 脱离，从… 出来
importance [?m?p?:tns] n. 重要性
decision [d?'s??n] n. 决计，抉择，选择
control[k?n'tr??l] v. 控制，分配，操作
be in control of 掌管，打点
spirit ['sp?r?t] n. 勇气，意志
death [deθ] n. 去世
give up 扔掉
nurse [n?:s] n. 护士
Judy 朱迪（女名）
Nancy 南希（女名）
Mandy 曼迪（女名）
Aron Ralston 阿伦·罗尔斯顿
Utah 尤他州（美国）
课文朗读
点击上面绿标播映
常识收拾
【要点单词】
matter [?m?t?] v. 重要，要紧，有联络
What’s the matter? 怎么了？出啥事了？
sore [s?:(r)] adj. 痛苦的，酸痛的
have a cold 伤风
stomach [\\'st?m?k] n. 胃，腹部
stomachache [\\'st?m?ke?k] n. 胃痛，腹痛
have a stomachache 胃痛
foot(复数feet) [fu:t] n. 脚
neck [nek] n. 颈，脖子
throat [θr??t] n. 喉咙
fever ['fi:v?] n. 发烧，发热
lie [la?] v. 躺，平躺
lie down 躺下
rest [rest] n. 剩下有些，其他；放松，歇息
cough [k?f] n. & v. 咳嗽
X-ray ['eksre?] n. X光，X射线
toothache [?tu:θe?k] n. 牙痛
take one's temperature 量体温
headache [?hede?k] n. 头痛
have a fever 发烧
break [bre?k] n. & v. 歇息，暂停；打破
take breaks (take a break） 歇息
hurt [h?:t] v. 损伤，损害，使受伤
passenger ['p?s?nd??] n. 乘客，旅客
off [?f] adv. prep. 脱离（某处）；从…去掉
get off 下车
to one's surprise 使…惊奇，出乎…意料
onto [??nt?] prep. 向，朝
trouble [?tr?bl] n. 费事，烦扰，疑问
hit [hit] n. & v. 磕碰，打，冲击
right away 当即，马上
get into 堕入，参加
herself [h?:?self] pron. 她自个，她本身（she的反身代词）
bandage ['b?nd?d?] n. & v. 纱带；用纱带包扎
sick [s?k] adj. 患病的，不适的
knee [ni:] n. 膝盖
nosebleed [?n??zbli:d] n. 鼻出血
breathe [bri:e] v. 呼吸
sunburned [?s?nb?:nd] adj. 晒伤的
ourselves [ɑ:?selvz] pron. 咱们自个（we的反身代词）
climber [?kla?m?(r)] n. 爬山者
be used to 习气于… 习气于…
risk [r?sk] n. & v. 风险，风险；冒险
take risks (take a risk) 冒险
accident [??ksid?nt] n. 意外作业；事端
situation [?sitju?ei??n] n. 情况，方法，情况
kg=kilogram [?k?l?gr?m] n. 公斤，千克
rock [r?k] n. 岩石
run out (of) 用尽，耗尽
knife [naif] n. 刀，餐刀
cut off 切除
blood [bl?d] n. 血
mean [mi:n] v. 意味着，意思是，意欲
get out of 脱离，从… 出来
importance [?m?p?:tns] n. 重要性
decision [d?'s??n] n. 决计，抉择，选择
control [k?n'tr??l] v. 控制，分配，操作
be in control of 掌管，打点
spirit ['sp?r?t] n. 勇气，意志
death [deθ] n. 去世
give up 扔掉
nurse [n?:s] n. 护士
【要点短语】
1.have a fever 发烧
2.have a cough 咳嗽
3.have a toothache 牙疼
4.talk too much 说得太多
5.drink enough water 喝满足的水
6.have a cold 受凉;伤风
7.have a stomachache 胃疼
8.have a sore back 背疼
9.have a sore throat 喉咙痛
10. take risks 冒险
11.hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
12.see a dentist 看牙医
13.get an X-ray 拍X 光片
14.take one’ s temperature 量体温
15.put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药
16. give up 扔掉
17. sound like 听起来像
18. all weekend 整个周末
19. in the same way 以相同的方法
20. go to a doctor 看医生
21. go along 沿着……走
22. on the side of the road 在马路旁边
23. shout for help 大声呼救
24. without thinking twice 没有多想
25. get off 下车
26. have a heart problem 有心脏病
27. to one’s surprise 另或人惊奇的是
28. thanks to 幸而了 ；因为
29. in time 及时
30. make a decision 做出抉择
31. get into trouble 构成费事
32. right away 马上；马上
33. because of 因为
34. get out of 脱离;从……出来
35. keep on doing sth. 持续或坚持做某事
36. put a bandage on sth. 用纱带包扎
37. fall down 颠仆
38. feel sick 感到厌烦
39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血
40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖
41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰
42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难
43. mountain climbing 爬山运动
44. be used to doing sth. 习气做某事
45. run out (of) 用完;用尽
46. so that 以便
47. so...that... 如此……致使于...…
48. be in control of 掌管;打点
49. in a difficult situation 在闲境中
【要点句型】
1. What's the matter with you?
= What'the trouble with you?
= What's wrong with you? 你怎么了？
2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢？
3.Should I take my temperature? 我大约量一下体温吗？
4.You should lie down and rest. 你大约躺下歇息一会儿。
5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为它是来自报纸仍是书呢？
6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以相同的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。
7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. 她说这自个有心脏病大约去医院。
词汇说明
1. have a cold
have a cold是动词短语，意为“患伤风，伤风”，也可以说成catch a cold/get a cold或take a cold。其间have标明“患病，生病”，不能用于进行时态，但可与一段时刻连用，标明状况；而catch/get a cold则标明瞬时动作，不能同一段时刻连用。例如：
I have had a cold for three days. 我伤风三天了。
此句也可以表达为： I had/caught/got a cold three days ago.
【拓宽】
标明人体某部位“痛”时的几种规划：
（1）have a + 身体部位名词后加-ache构成。例如：
have a headache 头痛
have a toothache 牙痛
have a stomachache胃痛
（2）have a sore + 身体部位名词。例如：
have a sore throat 喉咙痛
have a sore arm 胳膊痛
have a sore foot 脚痛
（3）身体部位 + hurt/ache。例如：
My eyes hurt. 我双眼痛。
My legs ache. 我腿疼。
（4）have a pain in/ on + the + 身体部位。例如：
I have a pain in the arm. 我胳膊痛。
（5）There is something wrong with + one’s + 身体部位。例如：
There is something wrong with your eyes. 你的双眼有缺陷。
2. rest
（1）rest作及物动词，意为“使歇息”，作不及物动词，意为“歇息”。例如：
You should rest your eyes after a lot of reading.
在许多阅览之后，你大约歇息一下你的双眼。
I’m tired, and I want to rest. 我累了，我想歇息。
（2）rest也可以作名词，常用分配have a rest，标明“歇息一下”。例如：
You have a cold，and should have a rest.
你伤风了，大约歇息一下。
3. break
（1）break作不及物，意为“弄碎，破碎”。break的曩昔式为broke，曩昔分词为broken。例如：Glass is easily broken. 玻璃简略破碎。
（2）break作及物动词，意为“弄碎，弄独淠例如：
Li Ming broke his left leg last night. 昨晚李明摔断了左腿。
（3）break作及物动词，意为“不恪守”。例如：
As a student, you shouldn’t break school rules.
作为学生，你不该违背学校规则。
【拓宽】
(1) break down 意为“(机器)坏了”。例如：
We are sorry to arrive late, because the car broke down.
咱们很抱愧到晚了，因为车抛锚了。
（2）break into 标明“破门而入”。例如：
I caught two men trying to break into the office. 我瞧见两自个想闯入我的单位。
(3）break out 标明“（战争、瘟疫、火灾等）迸发”。例如：
World War II broke out in September 1939. 第次世界大战迸发于1939年9月。
4. hurt
（1）hurt作及物动词，意为“使受伤，使弄痛”，曩昔分词和曩昔式都是hurt。例如：
He hurt his right knee. 他伤了右膝。
I hope you haven’t hurt yourself. 期望你没有受伤。
(2) hurt 既可指肉体上的损伤，也可指精力上、豪情上的损伤。例如：
You hurt her feelings when you said she was fat.
你说她胖，损伤了她的豪情了。
I don’t mean to hurt you. 我并非有意损伤你。
（3）hurt作不及物动词，意为“痛苦”。例如：
My feet hurt when I walk. 我走路时脚疼。
I caught a cold and my head hurt. 我伤风了而且头痛。
5. free
free作及物动词，意为“使安适”。例如：
Can you free me for half an hour？ 你能让我安适一个小时吗？
【拓宽】
（1）free作描述词，标明“安适的；空闲的”。例如：
You are free to ask questions. 你可以请随意问。
Are you free tomorrow？你有空吗？
（2）free还可作“免费的”。例如：
Are the drinks free? 这饮料是免费的吗?
The books are given away free. 这些书是免费赠送的。
（3）free的副词freely可标明“安适地，随意地等”，可位于动词之前或之后。例如：
You may speak freely. 你可以直言。
He could write freely about it now. 他可以安适地写这个事了。
6. mean
（1）mean作及物动词，标明“方案，意味着”，后接名词，动词不定式短语或从句。例如：
The red light means “Stop”. 红灯标明中止。
I mean to go shopping. 我的意思是去购物。
The sign means that the road is blocked. 这个标志标明此路不通。（2）mean的名词方法是“meaning”，标明“意思、意义”。例如：
What’s the meaning of the word？这个单词的是啥意思？
（3）What do / did you mean by...? 该句型的意思是“你……是啥意思?” 例如：
What do you mean by acting like this? 你这样做是啥意思?
7. lie
lie是动词，意为“躺”，曩昔式和曩昔分词别离为lay和lain，如今分词为lying。例如：
I found he was lying on the ground. 我发现他躺在地上。
【拓宽】
(1) lie有“位于”的意思。例如：
A temple lies on the top of the mountain. 一座寺庙位于山顶之上。
(2) lie作动词时，也可意为?祷选保傥羰胶完傥舴执适枪嬖虻模猯ied。lie也可用作名词，意为“鬼话”。例如：
Don’t lie to me.不要向我说谎。
The boy told a lie to me. 这个男孩向我撒了谎。
原形
词义
曩昔式
曩昔分词
如今分词
lie
躺；位于
lay
lain
lying
lie
扯谎
lied
lied
lying
(3)英语中，有些以-ie结束的动词的-ing方法有必要改ie为y再加-ing。例如：
die → dying tie → tying lie → lying
8. breathe
breathe可以作不及物动词也可以作及物动词，意为“呼吸”。例如：
The old man is breathing hard.这位老人呼吸困难。
It’s good to breathe fresh air. 呼吸新鲜空气有优点。
【拓宽】
分析breathe和breath
这两个词都是标明“呼吸”的意思，但词性不一样。breath 是名词；breathe 是动词。例如：
He has run himself out of breath．
他跑得上气不接下气。
It’s healthy to breathe deeply in the morning
早上做深呼吸对身体有利。
breath的常用短语：take a deep breath 深呼吸；out of breath上气不接下气
9. ourselves
ourselves是反身代词，意为“咱们自个”。标明“或人自个”的代词，叫反身代词，也叫本身代词。反身代词在语句中可以作宾语、表语和同位语，需要留心反身代词与所指代的名词或代词在人称、性别和数上坚持共同。
反身代词的构成是：
第一人称和第二人称是“描述词性物主代词＋-self/selves”。例如：myself（我自个），ourselves（咱们自个），yourself（你自个），yourselves（你们自个）
第三人称是“宾格代词＋-self/selves”；奇数方法是加-self，复数方法是加-selves。例如：himself（他自个），herself（她自个），itself（它自个），themselves（他们自个）
留心：关于奇数人称的反身代词加-self,关于复数人称的反身代词加-selves。
常用短语有：
by oneself 或人单独
enjoy oneself＝have a good time 玩得开心
teach oneself 自学
help oneself to… 随意吃、喝……
dress oneself 自个穿衣裳
hurt oneself 伤了自个
练一练：
I.英汉词组互译
。
1. have a cold _________
2. 量体温_________
3. to one’s surprise_________
4. 附和做某事_________
5. be used to doing sth... ________ 6. 看医生________
7. run out of_______
8. 下车________
9. thanks to ________
10. 及时________
II.根据汉语或首字母提示补全语句。
1. Do you______ (介意) if I open the window？
2．Be careful，not to _______(受伤) yourself．
3．Tom is in a difficult s_______．
4．I have made a d_______ about my study goal for the new term．
5．We should look after o_______ when we are alone at home．
6．If you have a fever，you s_______ lie down and rest．
7．I have a _______（牙疼），so I want to see a dentist(牙医)．
8．They retire(退休) and have a lot of f_______ time．
III.从括号中所给单词的恰当方法填空。
1．It’s hard to make a _______(decide) now．
2．Is she used to _______(walk) after supper?
3．The _____
__(die) of her lovely cat makes her sad．
4．As time goes by，we can realize the _______(important) of love．
5．_______ he _______(have) a sore back?
6．He should _______(have) some hot water．
7．Look! A dog _______(lie) at the door．
8．We are _______(surprise) at the news．
9．He kept on _______(work) though his leg hurt．
10．No one can be successful _______(with) hard work．
【参阅答案】
I.英汉词组互译。
1.伤风 2.take one’s temperature
3.使或人吃惊 4.agree to do sth.
5.习气于做…… 6.go to see a doctor
7.用尽；耗尽 8.get off
9. 幸而；因为 10. in time
II.根据汉语或首字母提示补全语句。
1.mind 2.hurt 3. situation 4. decision
5. ourselves 6. should 7. toothache 8. free
III.从括号中所给单词的恰当方法填空。
1. decision 2.walking 3. death
4.importance 5. Does，have
6. have 7. is lying 8.surprised
9. working10. without
要点句型解析
1. What’s the matter？
What’s the matter?和What’s wrong?是用来问询对方出了啥缺陷或疑问，意为“怎么了？”，是医生问询患者病况时的常用语。例如：
— What’s the matter? 你怎么了？
—I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。
—What’s wrong, Tom? Tom怎么了？
—I don’t feel very well. 我感触不太舒畅。
【拓宽】
What’s the matter?和What’s wrong?后可接with sb. / sth.，即What’s the matter with sb./ sth.?或What’s wrong with sb./sth.?意为“或人/某物怎么了？”例如：
What’s the matter with you? = What’s wrong with you? 你怎么了？
—What’s wrong / What’s the matter with your leg? 你的腿怎么了？ —Nothing. 没啥。
留心：matter是名词，其前只能加定冠词the；wrong是描述词，前面不需要加任何冠词。能说What’s your wrong? 和What’s your matter?
2. —What should she do？
—She should take her temperature.
should作神态动词，意为“应当，大约”。标明责任、责任，可用于各种人称，无人称和数的改变，也不能单独作谓语，只能和首要动词一同构成谓语，标明说话人的口气和神态；否定方法为should not，缩写为shouldn’t。其首要用法有：
(1) 标明责任和责任，意为“大约”。例如：
You should take your teacher’s advice. 你大约遵循你教师的主张。
You shouldn’t be late for class. 你不大约上课迟到。
(2) 标明揣度，意为“可以，该”。例如：
The train should have already left. 火车可以现已脱离了。
3. But to his surprise，they all agreed to go with him.
（1） surprise作动词时，意为“使……惊奇，使……感到意外、吃惊”。例如：
What surprised you? 啥事使你感到意外？
（2） surprise作不可以数名词时，标明“惊奇，惊异”。例如：
Her face showed surprise at the news.
听到这个消息，她的脸上显露了惊奇的表情。
（3）surprise作可数名词时，标明“惊奇、惊奇、意外的事或吃惊的事”。例如：
He gave me a surprise by arriving early.
他的早到使我大感意外。
（4）作名词用常常可构成如下短语：
to one’s surprise意为“使或人吃惊的是……”；
in surprise意为“吃惊地 ”。例如：
To my surprise, he passed the exam.
使我吃惊是，他竟然经过了考试。
He looked at me in surprise. 他吃惊地望着我。
4. He was not ready to die that day.
（1）ready 作描述词，意为“预备好的”。例如：
Is everything ready? 悉数都预备好了吗？
Are you ready? 你预备好了吗？
（2）be/get ready to + 动词原形，意为“预备做……”。例如：
I’m getting ready to travel. 我正预备去旅行。
【拓宽】
be ready for意为“预备去……”，后接名词或动名词，同义短语为get ready for。例如：
I’m ready for bed. 我正预备睡觉。
The chicken will soon be ready for the pot.
这些鸡肉很快就可以预备下锅了。
5. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks.
mind作及物动词，意为“介意、照顾、留心、留心”。常用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中，后边接名词、代词、动词-ing方法或从句。例如：
Would you mind opening the window? 你介意翻开窗户吗？
Don’t mind me.不要管我。
【拓宽】mind还可作名词，意为“智力、脑筋、主意、定见”。例如：
He has quick mind. 他脑筋敏锐。
Tom changed his mind at last. 最终Tom改动了主见。
练一练：
I.按括号中的需求改写语句。
1. We had a good time in the park yesterday. (同义句变换)
We ______ ______ in the park yesterday.
2. Sleeping eight hours a night is very important. (同义句变换)
______ very important ______ ______ eight hours a night.
3. It’s important that we should eat a balanced diet. (同义句变换)
It’s important ______ ______ ______ ______ a balanced diet.
4. What’s the matter with you? (同义句变换)
What’s ______ ______ you?
5. I think I have a cold. (改为否定句)
I ______ ______ I ______ a cold.
6. She has a toothache. (对划线有些发问)
______ the ______ ______ her?
7. My head hurts. (同义句变换)
I ______ a ______.
8. There is a tall building in front of my house. (同义句变换)
A tall building ______ in front of my house.
9. He need not return the book three days ago. (同义句变换)
He ______ ______ ______ return the book three days ago.
10. I hope to buy a present for my mother with my own money. (同义句变换)
I hope ______ I ______ ______ a present for my mother with my own money.
II.根据汉语提示结束下列语句。
1. — 你的手表怎么了？
— 它不走了。
— ______ ______ _____ your watch?
— It’s doesn’t work.
2. 多吃蔬菜和生果对咱们来说是必要的。
It’s necessary ______ us ______ ______ more fruit and vegetables.
3. 那个男孩喜爱用英语和别人说话。
The boy ______ ______ ______ others in English.
4. — 你怎么了？
— 我牙疼。
— I have a ______.
5. 你看上去气色不好，请躺下歇息一下吧。
You don’t look ______. Please ______ ______ and have a rest.
6. 你大约协助你母亲做家务。
You ______ ______ your mother ______ the housework.
7. 你介意调低声乐吗？
Would you ______ _____ ______the music?
8. 一切学生在为运动会做预备。
All the students _____ _____ _____ _____the sports meeting.
III.补全对话。
Choose the best choice from A to F to finish the dialogue. You have one more answer. Each choice should be used only once.
A: Hi, Peter. I see you wearing a pair of glasses. But you didn’t wear it before, did you?
B: (1) But I’m afraid I have to wear it now.
A: (2)
B: Because I get screen sightedness（近视症）and (3)
A: (4) What happened?
B: My doctor said that I watched movies or played games on my iPad quite a lot.
I suggest you not to do that like me.
A: (5) Peter.
B: You’re welcome.
A. Why? B. I’m sorry to hear that.
C. No, I didn’t. D. Thank you for your advice.
E. Yes, I did. F. I can’t see things clearly.
1 2 3 4 5
【参阅答案】
I.按括号中的需求改写语句。
1. enjoyed ourselves 2. It’s; to sleep
3. for us to eat 4. wrong with 5. don’t think; have
6. What’s; matter with 7. have; headache
8. lies/ 9. didn’t need to 10. that; can buy
II.根据汉语提示结束下列语句。
1. What’s wrong with2. for; to eat
3. enjoys/likes talking with/to
4. What’s the matter; toothache
5. well; lie down6. should help; with/do
7.mind turning down 8. are getting ready for
III.补全对话。
1—5 CAFBD
游客
