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我想让你们思考两个问题：这些单词有多少个字母？这些单词有多少个发音？
I want you to think about two questions, how many letters do these words have and how many sounds do these words have?
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好吧，第一个问题很简单，fast有四个字母，seven有五个字母，red有三个字母。
OK, well, the first question is easy, "fast" has four letters, "seven" has five letters, and "red" has three letters.
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那么第二个问题呢，单词有多少个发音?
What about the second question, how many sounds do the words have?
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其实fast有四个音。/f/,/ɑ?/,/s/,/t/
Well, actually &#
34;fast" has four sounds. /f/,/ɑ?/,/s/,/t/
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“seven”有五个音，/s/，/e/，/v/，/?/，/n/
"seven" has five sounds,/s/,/e/,/v/,/?/,/n/
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“red”有三个音。/ r /, / e /, / d /
And "red" has three sounds. /r/,/e/,/d/
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所以所有这些单词都有相同数量的字母和发音
So all of these words have the same number of letters and sounds.
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“fast”有四个字母和四个音，“seven”有五个字母和五个音，“red”有三个字母和三个音。
"fast" has four letters and four sounds, "seven" has five letters and five sounds, and "red" has three letters and three sounds.
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这使得这些单词很容易发音， 因为你看到一个字母等于一个音。
That makes these words easy to pronounce because you see the word one letter equals one sound.
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很容易。
It's easy.
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但是所有的英语单词都是这样的吗?不，大多数英语单词不是这样的。这就是英语发音困难的原因。
But are all English words like this? No, most English words are not like this. This is what makes English pronunciation difficult.
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我们再看一遍。第四部分，字母和发音并不总是一样的东西。
So let's look at this again. Part Four, letters and sounds are not always the same thing.
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好了，再听三个单词:咖啡、老师、购物。
OK, listen to three more words：coffee, teacher, shopping.
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想想我们之前问过的同样的问题:每个单词有多少个字母?每个单词有多少个发音?
Think about the same questions we asked before, how many letters does each word have and how many sounds does each word have?
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“coffee”有六个字母，但是有几个发音呢?只有四个。
So "coffee" has six letters, but how many sounds? Just four.
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两个“f”在一起发出一个/f/音。
The two "f"s together make one /f/ sound.
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两个“e”在一起，发出一个/i/音。所以有四个音，/ k/，/?/，/f/，/i/。
And the two "e"s together, make one /i/ sound. So there are four sounds, /k/,/?/,/f/,/i/.
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"teacher"有七个字母。听起来多少?
"teacher" has seven letters. How many sounds?
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四。
Four again.
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所以两个字母“ea”发出一个/i?/音。
So the two letters "ea" make one /i?/ sound.
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两个字母“ch”形成一个/t?/发音，两个字母“er”形成一个/?(r)/发音。
The two letters "ch" make one /t?/ sound, and the two letters "er" make one /?(r)/ sound.
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因此，单词/t/，/i?/，/t?/，/?(r)/中有四个音。
So there are four sounds in the word /t/,/i?/,/t?/,/?(r)/.
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"shopping"有八个字母。听起来多少?五个
"shopping" has eight letters. How many sounds? Five.
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字母“sh”在一起，发一个/?/音。
Letters "sh" together, make one /?/ sound.
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两个“p”加在一起是one /p/发音，字母“ing”是one /??/发音。
The two "p"s together make one /p/ sound, and the letters "ing" make one /??/ sound.
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剩下五个音。
So that leaves five sounds.
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/?/,/?/,/ p /, /?/,/?/
/?/,/?/,/p/,/?/,/?/
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通常一个单词有更多的字母，因为两个或更多的字母在一起可以发出一个音。
Often a word has more letters than sounds, because two or more letters together can make one sound.
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有时三个或四个字母在一起可以发出一个音。例如，看单词“four”，f-o-u-r。
Sometimes three or four letters together can make one sound. For example, look at the word "four", f-o-u-r.
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在这个单词里，三个字母“o-u-r”发一个音/??(r)/。
In this word, the three letters, "o-u-r" make one sound /??(r)/.
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让我们再看三个词:一，使用，欧洲。同样的问题，多少个字母?听起来多少?
Let's look at three more words: one, use, Europe. Same questions, how many letters? how many sounds?
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让我们看看“1”。
Well, let's look at "one".
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“一”有三个字母和三个音。这很简单，对吧?
"one" has three letters and three sounds.so that's easy, right?
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但是这三种声音是什么呢?
But what are the three sounds?
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/ w /, /?/,/ n /。
/w/,/?/,/n/.
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呃?
Er?
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那个/w/声音是从哪里来的?
Where does that /w/ sound come from?
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其他单词呢?嗯，“use”又有三个音。
What about the other words? Well, "use" has three sounds again.
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/j/,/u?/,/z/.
/j/,/u?/,/z/.
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同样，你可以看到/j/发音，但在书面单词中并不明显。
Again, you can see a /j/ sound which is pronounced, but which isn't obviously in the written word.
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“Europe”有五个音，/ j/，/??/，/r/，/?/，/p/。
"Europe" has five sounds, /j/,/??/,/r/,/?/,/p/.
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再一次，你可以看到发音中有一个/j/音，这个音在单词中没有写清楚。
Once again, you can see there's a /j/ sound in the pronunciation, which isn't written clearly in the word.
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所以复习一下，单词通常有更多的字母，而不是发音，因为两个或两个以上的字母在一起可以产生一个发音。
So to review, very often words would have more letters than sounds, because very often two or more letters together can produce one sound.
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有时候有些额外的发音不是明显写出来的,但是在你说这个单词的时候就会发音。
Sometimes there are extra sounds which are not obviously written, but which are pronounced when you say the word.
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好的 让我们一起做一些练习 我给你五个单词
OK, let's do some practice together. I'm going to give you five words.
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苹果，因为，学生，保持，星期三。
apple, because, student, keep, Wednesday.
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想想同样的问题 这些单词有多少个字母 有多少个发音
Think about the same questions, how many letters do these words have and how many sounds do these words have?
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如果你愿意 可以暂停视频 思考一下你的答案 等你准备好了 我们可以再开始 一起看答案
If you want, pause the video and think about your answer, we can start again when you're ready and look at the answers together.
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好的 准备好了 让我们检查
OK, ready. Let's check.
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“苹果”有五个字母和三个音。
"apple" has five letters and three sounds.
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/?/,/ p /, / l /
/?/,/p/,/l/
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“because”有七个字母和五个发音。
"because" has seven letters and five sounds.
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/ b /, /?/,/ k /, /?/,/ z /
/b/,/?/,/k/,/?/,/z/
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"student"有七个字母和八个发音。
"student" has seven letters and eight sounds.
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这是如何可能的?让我们看,先生。
How's this possible? Let's look, sir.
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/s/,/t/,/j/,/u?/,/d/,/?/,/n/,/t/
/s/,/t/,/j/,/u?/,/d/,/?/,/n/,/t/
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在/u?/之前有一个额外的a /j/，从拼写上看也不明显，但在发音上是这样的。
There's an extra a /j/ before the /u?/, which again is not obvious from the spelling, but it's in the pronunciation.
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"keep"有五个字母和三个发音，/ k/，/i?/，/p/。
"keep" has five letters and three sounds, /k/,/i?/,/p/.
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“星期三”晚上的字母，六种声音。
"Wednesday" night letters, six sounds.
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/w/,/e/,/n/,/z/,/d/,/e?/
/w/,/e/,/n/,/z/,/d/,/e?/
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好了，这节课就到这里。非常感谢您的收看，您可以在我们的网站oxford Online English com上看到更多关于我们免费课程的信息。
OK, that's the end of the lesson. Thank you very much for watching, you can see more about our free lessons on our website, oxford Online English com.
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在视频描述中 你可以看到这节课的完整版本的链接
In the video description, you can see a link to the full version of this lesson.
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完整版本包括一个小测验和全文 所以你可以复习和练习这个话题
The full version includes a quiz and the full text, so you can review and practice this topic some more.
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以上就是本期节目的全部内容 再次感谢您的收看 下次再见 再见
But that's all, thanks again for watching, I'll see you next time. Bye bye.
4. 备注
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