返璞归真：back用法知多少

一、你知道back有几种含义吗？

adj.

1.背部的

This is the exercise designed to strengthen the back muscles.

这是旨在加强背部肌肉的练习。

2.后面的

Go to the back room. Go!

到后面的房间，走！

3.过去的

4.拖欠的

It is a good day to catch up on back reading and other assignments.

周日是用来补上拖欠的阅读任务和其他作业的好时机。

adv.

1.以前

How far does your memory go back?

你能回忆起多久以前的事情？

2.向后地

Wu Sun-fu sprawled back in his seat and showed his teeth in a derisive grin.

车里的吴荪甫往后靠在车垫上，露出了牙齿狞笑。

3.来回地

We gently rocked back and forth.

我们轻轻地来回摇晃。

4.上溯

The custom goes back to roman times.

这种风俗可上溯到罗马时代。

n.

1.后面，背面，反面 [U]

We couldn't hear the speaker at the back of the hall because her voice doesn't carry very well.

我们在大厅后面听不清演讲人讲话，因为她的声音传得不太远。

2.背，背部 [U]

She was injured in the back.

她背部受了伤。

3.靠背 [U]

I know he's here, his coat is hanging over the back of the chair!

我知道他在这里，他的外衣搭在这椅子的靠背上！

4.（足球等）后卫 [C]

Jack is a full back of the team.

杰克是球队的后卫队员。

5.（书报等的）末尾

Go and join the back of the queue.

去站到队尾去。

v.

1.支持 [T]

We'll all back you up.

我们大家都支持你。

2.（使）后退，倒退 [I,T]

The policeman waved the people back.

警察挥手示意人们后退。

3.背书，加背书于 [T]

John backed the check immediately.

约翰立即背书这张支票。

4.下赌注于 [T]

You back the wrong horse.

你下错赌注了。

二、词义辨析：还有哪些词表示”向后”的含义？

back, backward, hind, behind

这些词均有“在后，向后”之意。back作为副词或形容词时，强调所修饰物的位置以及动作运动方向。backward可用于人或物，指向后的，落后的或迟钝的。hind指成对并且分前后的东西的“后面的”。

behind指一物同它物相对的位置或场所。

三、下面我们来学习一下含有back的常见短语