雅思听力测验的一大考点就是同义词替换,这需要考生们有很强大的雅思词汇基础,这样才能准确的找到这些词汇,雅思测验小编在这里详细的给大家说说什么事同义替换,同义词替换
雅思听力测验的一大考点就是同义词替换,这需要考生们有很强大的雅思词汇基础,这样才能准确的找到这些词汇,雅思测验小编在这里详细的给大家说说什么事同义替换,同义词替换的形式都有哪些?
一、什么是同义替换
同义替换是指在雅思听力测验中,呈现在题干中的词汇与录音中的词汇不完全相同,但表达的含义相同或附近的现象。同义替换呈现在雅思听力测验中几乎所有的题型中,考点呈现的范围及其广泛,例如:
剑7Test2 Section4 Question32
32 Anita feels that the findings on handedness will be of value in
A helping sportspeople identify their weaknesses
B aiding sportspeople as they plan tactics for each game
C developing suitable training programmes for sportspeople
原文:I think Matthews findings will be beneficial, not so much in helping sportspeople to work on their weaker side, but more that they can help them identify the most suitable strategies to use in a given game.
在听力原文中,题干里的be of value变成了be beneficial, tactics变成了strategies;而正确答案B中的aid被替换成了help;同时对于干扰项A中的weaknesses这个单词,答案中也呈现了一些相关的可互相替换的信息,如weaker side,但A选项的整体意思和听力原文中的表述不符,这也就是A选项的干扰点所在。
二、同义替换的形式
结合阿卡索雅思听力真题以及历年的考题,分析题目的规律之后,总结出以下几类同义替换形式:
1、简单同义的替换
就是指同一单词的换位解释,一般呈现在时间的考题上会对照多。例如:
fortnight=14 days=2 weeks
3 decades=30 years
score=20
dozen=12
under a week = 5 or 6 days
reopen in next few months =temporarily closed
entrance=access
2、语义替换
是指进一步的说明词汇或短语的具体含义,有一种总结、概括之感。例如:
雅思真题上有一篇文章在讲婴儿床,里面就多次呈现语义替换。
Base of cot could be moved.= Base of cot could be raised or lowered into two different positions.
婴儿床的底座qingdinzhi.com是可以移动的,然而怎么移动?在听力中给出了详细解释,可以上下移动,这就是语义的替换。
Pictures could be removed easily.= There were pictures which were simply stuck on and so could easily 阿卡索ome detached.
同样,也是进他们都是这样跟我说的,cnqk58.com线上机构的模式有趣程度是能够让孩子有兴趣去学习一步的阐明图片不固定的具体环境。
3、词性替换
在雅思听力测验中,除了同类词性之间的同义替换,还有分歧词性之间的替换。如:
By 2008, carbon dioxide emissions need to be __________ lower than in 1990.
Listening script:The agreed targets for the UK mean that by 2008 we must reduce our carbon dioxide emissions by 12.5%, compared with 1990.
而题目中的lower是形容词的对照级,听力原文却换成了动词reduce,完成了从形容词到动词的替换。
4、反义替换
具体的说,就是通过反义词的表达方式替换了录音华夏有的词汇。如:
A good way for women to develop their _________ in dealing with financial affairs would be to attend classes in money management.
Listening Script:Then research also suggests that women avoid dealing effectively with their economic situation 阿卡索ause of a lack of confidence.
题目中说女性要培养她们的某种能力,而录音中说的是如果女性想培养他们的某种能力,那么可以说明她们在这个方面是欠缺的,这就是典型的反义替换。
5、对照级替换
就是在题目中看到的是完全没有对照级的花式,而录音中却呈现对照级。例如:
Fitness Centre--reduced _________ for students.
Listening Script:Students should pay an annual fee that is much less than the general public pay.
原文中的reduced表示减少的,而录音中使用的是对照级much less than替换了reduced。
所以要克服这种问题,就需要考生在练习的过程中多积累,看到形容词呈现,就要想想可能会呈现对照级,甚至是最高级的呈现,只有这样才可以在测验中做到慌而不乱。
三、高频同义替换词汇
1. 提前 in advance=ahead of time=before
2. 最大/最小 maximum=up to=at most=no more than minimum=start from/at=at least=no less than
3. 预定 book=order=reserve (reservation)
4. 食堂 cafeteria=dining room/hall=canteen
5. 茶点,餐点 drink and food=diet=refreshment=hospitality
6. 把视为 regardas=viewas
7. 入口 entrance=access
8. 注册 enrol(l)=register
9. 科目/课程 course=subject=item=discipline=curriculum
10. 长处(n.)advantage=strong point=strength=merit=edge=predominance=positive aspect
11. 错误谬误(n.)disadvantage=weak point=weakness=demerit=negative point=shortcoming=drawbacks=flaw
12. 重要的 important/significant/essential/basical/fundamental/critical/crucial/vital
13. 危险 danger/hazard/threat/risk
14. 种类 kind/sort/type/species/category/classification
15. BA A of B e.g. local history book the book of local history