托福听力主旨题的做题方法。在托福听力中一种很重要的托福听力题型就是主旨题,主旨题可谓是托福听力中的头阵,并且几乎每篇听力必考。托福 听力中听清文章的主旨不仅可以帮助我们更好的理解文章内容和梳理对话或者讲座的思路,更好的解决细节题。下面是小编整理的托福听力主旨题的做题方法,但愿能帮到你!
托福听力主旨题的解题技巧分析
1、出题位置:
主旨题的出题位置是固定的,是听完每篇文章后的第一道题目。从题号上来说,是每个section中的1、6、12题。
要注意的是,托福听力答题过程中不走回头路,也就是说大家无法按照后面的细节题来猜测文章的主旨大意。
2、题型识别:
(1)What is the main topic of the lecture?
What is the lecture mainly about?
What aspect of X does the professor mainly discuss?
【此类是OG中呈现的Lecture 部门Gist Content的题目问法】
(2)Why does the professor explain X?
【此类是OG中呈现的Lecture 部门Gist Purpose的题目问法】
非论是Gist Content还是Gist Purpose,考察重点都是文章的主旨大意,只是在问法上略有区别。也就是说,在每篇听力文章之后的第一题,即使大家不去仔细读题,也可以知道题目所问的是文章的主旨大意。
3、解题技巧:
(1)牢抓开头:
其实Lecture的主旨题很是简单。只要能抓住文章开头的有效信息,就能解决绝大多数题目。大家要了解的是,托福听力是为了让大家熟悉北美真实的学习、糊口场景,因此Lecture的讲解方式与大学课堂中的professor亦是相似的。
Professor在讲解过程中很是注重逻辑性,也凡是会在文章的开头部门就提出本节课的主要内容,这里就是我们所要解决的主旨题的位置所在。大家在听到如下标志词的时候,要竖起耳朵,因为下面接着的就是文章的主旨了:
Today/ Now/ We are going to discuss
Lets look at/ Id like to mention
Id like to focus on
Id like to begin my class by introducing
(2)参考下文:
在一些文章中,开头并不会呈现上一段落中提及的标志词。在这种环境下,我们要通过下文的分论点、例子以及总结来总结主旨。
要注意的是,重复原则是托福听力中的一个重要的原则。传授会在文中一遍又一遍地重复重要的内容,重复最多的词语便是主旨。大家不要认为本身的听力程度有限,就随便从备选答案中选择一个本身压根就没有听到的词语。如果传授不竭重复的内容都没有抓住,凭什么要相信在文章中甚少呈现的内容会是主旨呢?
甚至在有些文章的末尾处,传授还会对全文内容进行总结。
好比TPO5 Lecture 1中,文章讲到了Meme Theory,在结尾处就对文章内容进行了总结:So, you can see how looking at pieces of cultural information as replicators, as memes, and analyzing them in terms of longevity, fecundity and fidelity, we can gain some inside about how they spread, persist or change.从这里的总结处也可以看出,文章主要讲解了Meme理论,以及对此种理论的分析方法,要从longevity, fecundity and fidelity这三方面来进行分析。
(3)存眷整体:
很多学生常常会犯的一类错误是将部门错认为主旨。固然这些选项中表述的信息确实在文章中呈现,但它们只概况了部门段落的内容,并不是文章的主旨。而正确选项凡是都有大而空的特点。
好比在TPO1 Lecture2中提到了一种dating technique(年代测定法),叫做Uranium-lead Dating。文章的主旨题如下:
What does the professor mainly discuss?
A The difference in age among American mountain ranges
B The importance of a technique used for dating geological materials
C The recent discovery of an ancient canyon
D A comparison of various minerals used for dating
这道题目的正确答案是B选项。我们可以看出,这个选项并没有直接说文章的主旨是Uranium-lead Dating,而是通过解释Uranium-lead Dating的感化,用了一种泛泛的说法来总结文章主旨。这就是我们说的大而空的特点。
托福听力主旨题答题方法
给基础较薄弱的学生讲解,我选择先从托福听力主旨题入手来让学生感触感染一下托福听力。
首先学生知道,主旨题考察的是基本理解题,是托福听力中较为简单的一种,所以只要有一定的听力基础加上技巧就能答对了。
首先做主旨题在文章或者对话的开头呈现,好比学生说:Im considering,或者传授说:Today,Ill talk about .这就是主旨题的答案,所以必须记下来开头的前两句表达。
然后让学生提取每句话里的关键词,我把关键词分成了三个梯队,从而让学生能有主次之分。
接着要让学生存眷链接词在听力中的重要性,如:before we go to,lets,however,unfortunately,on the other hand等。这些词起到承上启下的感化,总结前面,引出下一层意思。所以在课上一定要给学生时间来做挑关键词的笔记练习,刚开始可能不习惯,但是得笔记者得托福啊!记忆力再怎么好的人,再听完长段的内容后会有遗忘一些信息点。所以为了恒久的学习考虑,必须刚开始让学生养成这样的习惯。
最后让学生知道主旨题的典型问法,
如:Why does the student visit the professor?
Why did the professor ask to see the student?
Why does the professor explain X?
What problem does the man have?
What are the speakers talking about?
What is the main idea of the lecture?
如果没有反应过来开头的句子,也不是就无法答主旨题了。因为无论对话还是讲座接下来都会环绕这个话题展开。所以在整个听力中主旨一定会以各种形式呈现进行解释和举例说明。最重要的是,主旨的关键字会在文中不停地呈现,借用时下流行的告白语:重要的事情说三遍,所以如果发现什么词是听力中的高频词,不停地重复,那么这个词就是主旨题答案的核心词,这样就可以选出正确答案了。
最后,给学生讲解题目选项的技巧,即不相关的选项一定不是主旨,只涉及一部门的也不是主旨,张冠李戴的选项一定要注意,因为很有迷惑性,一不小心就掉入陷阱了。
这样再结合听懂的部门,作对主旨题的几率很是高。
托福听力主旨题的出题方法
新托福听力主旨题特点:
在一段长演讲中,凡是会有两个或以上的主要表述内容,但这些内容往往是彼此关联的,它们互相补充构成一个完整的主题。
新托福听力主旨题出题模式:
IBT听力主旨题的问题常常以特殊疑问词开头, 例如:
What does announcement mainly about?
A: A parking garage closure in holidays.
B: Problems in the schools garage.
C: Student activities on holidays.
D: Holiday emergency measures.
What is the subject of the conversation?
What aspect of ___does the professor mainly discuss?
What problem does the man have?
What are the man and the woman discussing?
What is the topic of the discussion?
What is the womans problem?
What is the lecture mainly about?
新托福听力主旨题解题技巧:
在做IBT主旨题的时候一定要尽量把握文章的整体思路, 可以从以下几个方面来进行:
1、记住谈话人语气加重所强调的人,事物或概念。
2、努力把握谈话或演讲中的关键词或短语。尤其要存眷谈话人不止一次提到的词或短语。
3、从宏观上把握谈话或演讲的内容,提炼出讲话的主题。例如:
(一)
Narrator: Listen to a campus announcement and answer the question.
M: The East Campus Garage will be closed during the Holiday break from Thursday, December 22, 2005, 10:30 p.m. through Monday, January 2, 2005, 11:30 p.m. Please be certain to make the necessary arrangements to have your vehicle out of the garage before it closes. If you have left your vehicle in the garage after closing, please contact University Police at 8---2323, so you may exit the garage. There will be no admittance into the garage after closing. The parking office will be closed through January 2nd. Urgent messages left in voice mail or sent to the parking email account will be periodically monitored and responded to on December 27---29. All non---urgent matters will be addressed when the office re-opens on January 3, 2006. The parking gates on campus are lifted during this period and parking is available in all surface parking gates on camps are lifted during this period and parking is available in all surface parking lots except Wean and Warner Hall. Thank you for your cooperation and have a safe and happy holiday!
What does announcement mainly about?
A: A parking garage closure in holidays.
B: Problems in the schools garage.
C: Student activities on holidays.
D: Holiday emergency measures.
解析:
1. 先总体把握材料提供的内容, 讲的是这样的一件事: The East Campus Garage will be closed during the Holiday break from Thursday, December 22, 2005, 10:30 p.m. through Monday, January 2, 2005, 11:30 p.m.
2. 通过对材料的分析, 可以了解到A为正确的答案.
3. B: Problems in the schools garage. 答案过于精确.
4. C: Student activities on holidays. 过于笼统, 不正确.
5. D: Holiday emergency measures. 过于笼统, 不正确.
所以正确答案为A.
Professor: Through much of the last century, Americas faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.
Narrator: Listen again to part of the lecture. Then answer the question.
Professor: Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.
What is the professor mainly about?
A: To encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.
B: To elicit an answer from the students.
C: To compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.
D: To describe an imaginative situation.
分析:
1、从传授的谈话中, 可以看出传授使用的是暗喻的方法.
2、段落大致的意思是: 在上个世纪的大部门时间里, 美国式民主和自由的信仰如石沉大海, 波澜不惊; 而今, 却如清风拂絮, 撒落人间. 可见. 暗喻的方式是为了形成对比, 从而激起听者的想象力, 活跃课堂谈话的气氛.
3、综合上下文, 答案C 为正确答案.
总之, 在做IBT听力主旨题的时候, 要把握住重点. 排除过于笼统的答案, 所表示的内容与谈话或演讲的核心主题脱节; 和过于精确的答案, 即据之一而非讲述主体。还要切记排除一些似是而非的答案和在上下文中并未被谈话人提及的答案. 把握住这些要领, 相信攻克新托福听力主旨题不再是一件难事.
托福听力主旨题怎么答
1、主旨题在原文和题目中的位置
首先,大家要明确托福听力测验的一大特色就是题目顺序与文章的行文顺序相一致。所以,同学们要明确的是主旨题呈现在文章的开头部门,绝对不会呈现在文章的中间部门。个中需要注意的一点是,在结尾部门同样可能会呈现帮助解答主旨题的解题内容。因为老师很可能对文章内容进行概括和总结。那么,结尾部门就可能呈现主旨题的答案!但是,这种环境对照少见!所以按照文章的行文顺序,主旨题题目一般只会呈现于第一道题。所以凡是,不管是conversation还是lecture,主旨题都会呈现于首道题目。明确了题目的位置之后,我们来看一下主旨题的分类。
2、主旨题题型分类及典型问法
主旨题分为目的主旨和内容主旨。
目的主旨: 考核对话目的而非内容,即两个措辞者的对话目的和传授讲这篇文章的目的。目的主旨一般呈现于conversation中。
目的主旨典型问法:Why does the student visit the professor-
Why does the student visit the registrars office-
Why did the professor ask to see the student-
Why does the professor explain X-
内容主旨: 要求考生理解讲座或对话的主旨大意。材料有时会明确提出主旨,有时会很含蓄。 要求学生对听到的信息进行归纳总结。
内容主旨典型问法:What problem does the man have-
What are the speakers talking about-
What is the main ideaof the lecture-
What aspect of X does the professor mainly discuss-
3、主旨题解题技巧
关于解题技巧大家应该首先注意的是这两种题型与大家词汇量的多少无关。也就是说,词汇量即使很少也不会给这两种题型的解题造成障碍。首先要听准开头;特别是开头句型,之后找出对话目的;如果开头没有把握准,那么要注意全文重复词汇;最后要听准关键词并对实义词(名词、动词、形容词)足够敏感。那么,如何听准开头呢?在conversation和lecture的开头中,有的文章会呈现酬酢部门。
好比,在conversation中两个措辞者的在开头部门都会呈现互相问好的酬酢语:
e.g.1 A : Hey, how is everything going-
B: Well, everything is going fine。
e.g.2 A: Hi, are you Paula-
B: Oh, hi, Jim. Nice to see you!
在这些酬酢之后措辞人A说Do you need some tutoring in English- 措辞人B说:yes, I am taking English composition and my English is not very good. 这才是文章的真正内容,也就是文章的主旨!所以选项的相应部门选择的是:She needs a tutoring appointment!
在lecture中,有时传授上来不会直接切入正题,而是先会酬酢几句。
例1: 有个传授上来先说I am sorry that I didnt bring your paper, and it took longer to grade than I thought. So I will bring you the paper next class. Today, I want to continue our topic about Renaissance. 所以 I am sorry that I didnt bring your paper, and it took longer to grade than I thought. So I will bring you the paper next class。 这句话都是在说与文章主旨无关紧要的话。而真正与文章主旨有关的是以today开头的这句话!所以,显而易见,这篇文章的主要内容就是Renaissance(文艺复兴)。
例2: In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history. But today, I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么很显然,In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history。这是上节课讲的内容。在强转折but之后,老师紧接着说I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么,文章的主旨也就很明确了。